Russian ballet
History
The history of Russian ballet dates back to the 17th century during the reign of Tsar Peter I. It was during this time that the Tsar introduced western culture and customs into Russian society, including the art of ballet. The first professional ballet company, the Imperial Ballet of the Hermitage, was established in 1738 and was later followed by the foundation of the Imperial Ballet School in 1738, which still exists today as the Vaganova Academy of Russian Ballet.
Development of Russian Ballet
The development of Russian ballet was largely influenced by the French and Italian ballet traditions, with many foreign masters, such as Charles-Louis Didelot, contributing to its growth. However, it was not until the 19th century that Russian ballet began to develop its own distinct identity. This was largely due to the efforts of Marius Ivanovich Petipa, a French ballet master and choreographer who is often credited as the creator of classical ballet as we know it today.
Classical Period
The classical period of Russian ballet, which spanned the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is often considered the golden age of Russian ballet. During this period, several masterpieces that continue to define the ballet repertoire were created, including Swan Lake, The Nutcracker, and Sleeping Beauty. These ballets were characterized by their elaborate sets and costumes, complex choreography, and the use of music to further the narrative.
Soviet Era
The Soviet era marked a period of significant change for Russian ballet. While the classical repertoire continued to be performed, new works were also created that reflected the ideals and values of the Soviet state. These ballets often featured workers and peasants as heroes and heroines, and were used as a tool for political propaganda. Despite the political constraints, this period also saw the emergence of many great dancers, including Galina Ulanova, Maya Plisetskaya, and Rudolf Nureyev.
Modern Russian Ballet
Today, Russian ballet continues to be renowned for its technical excellence, expressive performance, and the high level of training provided by institutions such as the Bolshoi Ballet Academy and the Vaganova Academy. While the classical repertoire remains at the core of Russian ballet, contemporary works are also being created by choreographers such as Alexei Ratmansky and Yuri Grigorovich.