Film production
Overview
Film production is the process of making a film from an initial story, idea, or commission, through scriptwriting, shooting, editing, directing and distribution to the final audience. It involves a wide range of creative and technical skills and disciplines. The production process can apply to films, television programs, video games, and other forms of media content.
Pre-production
The pre-production stage involves the development and approval of a story outline, followed by a detailed screenplay, and subsequent financing and casting. This is where the film's overall visual aesthetics are defined, which can include selecting locations, creating sets, choosing costumes, and establishing the visual effects that will be used.
Storyboarding
Storyboarding is an important component of film production. It involves creating a visual representation of the film's narrative. Each storyboard panel represents a specific shot or sequence in the film, complete with descriptions of the scene, dialogue, and any necessary technical information.
Casting
The casting process involves selecting actors who fit the parts written into the script. This involves auditions and readings before the film's director and producers, and may require actors to negotiate contracts.
Location scouting
Location scouting is the task of finding a suitable place to film the movie. The location needs to meet the aesthetic needs of the scene, as well as practical considerations such as accessibility, availability, and budget constraints.
Production
The production phase, also known as principal photography, is when the film is actually shot. This phase includes the shooting of the film and recording of the sound.
Cinematography
Cinematography is the art and science of recording light either electronically onto an image sensor or chemically onto film. The cinematographer or director of photography (DP) is the individual in charge of this area.
Sound recording
The sound recording on set is the responsibility of the sound department. This includes the use of microphones, booms, recording devices, and sound effects.
Art direction
The art director is responsible for the overall visual appearance of the film. They decide what the characters will look like, what the sets will be, and how the lighting will enhance the mood of the film.
Post-production
Post-production is the third and final step in film creation, and it involves the tasks that must be completed after the filming ends.
Editing
Film editing is the process of selecting and combining the individual shots into a cohesive whole that tells the story. The editor works closely with the director to achieve the desired narrative structure.
Visual effects
Visual effects (VFX) are the processes by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live action shot. This can include the use of animation, CGI, and performance capture.
Sound design
Sound design is the process of creating the auditory aspects of a film, including sound effects, dialogue, and music.
Distribution
Once a film is completed, it must be distributed. This involves marketing and promotion, including press releases, advertising, interviews, and public showings at film festivals or private screenings.
