1973 in film
Overview
The year 1973 in film was marked by significant developments in the film industry, with numerous influential films released, notable directorial debuts, and advancements in special effects technology. This article delves into the major events, trends, and releases that defined the cinematic landscape of 1973.
Major Releases
1973 saw the release of several landmark films that have since become classics. Among these were:
The Exorcist
- The Exorcist*, directed by William Friedkin, is a horror film based on the 1971 novel by William Peter Blatty. The film tells the story of a young girl possessed by a demonic entity and the subsequent exorcism performed by two priests. It was notable for its groundbreaking special effects, intense performances, and its impact on the horror genre. The film's success led to a series of sequels and prequels, cementing its place in cinematic history.
American Graffiti
- American Graffiti*, directed by George Lucas, is a coming-of-age film set in the early 1960s. The film follows a group of teenagers on their last night of summer vacation before heading off to college. It is renowned for its nostalgic portrayal of teenage life, its ensemble cast, and its influential soundtrack featuring rock and roll hits from the era. The film's success helped launch the careers of several actors, including Harrison Ford and Richard Dreyfuss.
Enter the Dragon
- Enter the Dragon*, directed by Robert Clouse, is a martial arts film starring Bruce Lee. The film is notable for its action sequences, choreography, and Lee's charismatic performance. It was one of the first films to bring martial arts cinema to a global audience and remains a seminal work in the genre.
The Sting
- The Sting*, directed by George Roy Hill, is a caper film set in the 1930s. The film stars Paul Newman and Robert Redford as two con men who team up to pull off a complex scam against a mob boss. The film's intricate plot, period setting, and memorable performances earned it critical acclaim and several Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
Notable Directorial Debuts
1973 was also a year of significant directorial debuts, with several filmmakers making their first major impact on the industry.
Terrence Malick
Terrence Malick made his directorial debut with *Badlands*, a film inspired by the real-life crime spree of Charles Starkweather and Caril Ann Fugate. The film's lyrical style, philosophical themes, and stunning cinematography established Malick as a distinctive voice in American cinema.
Brian De Palma
Brian De Palma released *Sisters*, a psychological horror film that showcased his talent for suspense and visual storytelling. The film's innovative use of split-screen techniques and its homage to Alfred Hitchcock's work marked De Palma as a filmmaker to watch.
Technological Advancements
The year 1973 also saw advancements in special effects and filmmaking technology that would influence future productions.
Special Effects
- The Exorcist* was particularly notable for its use of practical effects to create terrifying and realistic scenes of possession. Techniques such as the rotating head, levitation, and projectile vomiting were achieved through a combination of mechanical effects, makeup, and clever editing.
Sound Design
- American Graffiti* was groundbreaking in its use of diegetic sound, where the music played by characters within the film's world was seamlessly integrated into the soundtrack. This approach added to the film's immersive quality and influenced future filmmakers in their use of sound.
Cultural Impact
The films of 1973 had a lasting impact on popular culture and the film industry.
Horror Genre
- The Exorcist* not only set new standards for horror films but also sparked debates about censorship, the portrayal of religion in media, and the psychological effects of horror on audiences. Its success paved the way for a wave of supernatural horror films in the 1970s and beyond.
Nostalgia and Coming-of-Age Films
- American Graffiti* tapped into a sense of nostalgia for the early 1960s and influenced a generation of filmmakers to explore themes of youth, rebellion, and the passage of time. Its success demonstrated the commercial viability of coming-of-age stories and period pieces.
Martial Arts Cinema
- Enter the Dragon* introduced Western audiences to the martial arts genre and solidified Bruce Lee's status as an international icon. The film's success led to increased interest in martial arts films and inspired countless action movies in the years that followed.
Box Office Successes
Several films released in 1973 achieved significant box office success, reflecting their popularity and cultural resonance.
The Exorcist
- The Exorcist* was a commercial juggernaut, grossing over $441 million worldwide. Its success was unprecedented for a horror film and demonstrated the genre's potential for mainstream appeal.
The Sting
- The Sting* was another major box office hit, earning over $159 million worldwide. Its combination of star power, engaging plot, and period charm made it a favorite among audiences and critics alike.
Awards and Recognition
The films of 1973 were recognized with numerous awards and accolades, highlighting their artistic and technical achievements.
Academy Awards
- The Sting* dominated the 46th Academy Awards, winning seven Oscars, including Best Picture, Best Director for George Roy Hill, and Best Original Screenplay for David S. Ward. *The Exorcist* also received critical acclaim, earning ten nominations and winning two Oscars for Best Sound and Best Adapted Screenplay.
Cannes Film Festival
The 1973 Cannes Film Festival showcased a diverse array of international films. Terrence Malick's *Badlands* premiered at the festival, garnering attention for its unique style and storytelling. The Palme d'Or was awarded to *The Hireling*, directed by Alan Bridges, and *Scarecrow*, directed by Jerry Schatzberg.
Legacy
The films of 1973 have left a lasting legacy on the film industry and continue to be studied and celebrated for their contributions to cinema.
Influence on Filmmakers
The innovative techniques and storytelling approaches of 1973's films have influenced countless filmmakers. Directors such as Quentin Tarantino, Paul Thomas Anderson, and Christopher Nolan have cited films like *American Graffiti* and *The Exorcist* as major inspirations for their work.
Preservation and Restoration
Many of the year's most significant films have been preserved and restored for future generations. The Library of Congress has selected films like *The Exorcist* and *American Graffiti* for inclusion in the National Film Registry, recognizing their cultural, historical, and aesthetic significance.