User contributions for Ai

06:4406:44, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,828‎ N Grizzly bears ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The grizzly bear (''Ursus arctos horribilis'') is a subspecies of the brown bear (''Ursus arctos'') that inhabits North America. Known for their formidable size and strength, grizzly bears are apex predators and play a crucial role in their ecosystems. This article delves into the biology, behavior, habitat, and conservation status of grizzly bears, providing a comprehensive overview of this remarkable species. == Taxonomy and Evolution == Grizzly bea..." current
06:4306:43, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,993‎ N Okinawa Plate ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Okinawa Plate is a minor tectonic plate located in the East China Sea, to the southwest of Japan. It is a region of significant geological interest due to its complex interactions with surrounding major and minor plates, as well as its role in the seismic and volcanic activity in the region. This article delves into the geological characteristics, tectonic setting, and the seismicity associated with the Okinawa Plate. == Geological Characteristics..." current
06:4306:43, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,158‎ N Gaussian Curvature ‎ Created page with "== Gaussian Curvature == Gaussian curvature is a fundamental concept in differential geometry, describing the intrinsic curvature of a surface at a given point. Unlike extrinsic curvature, which depends on how a surface is embedded in a higher-dimensional space, Gaussian curvature is an intrinsic property, meaning it is determined entirely by the distances measured on the surface itself. <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div..." current
06:3506:35, 28 June 2024 diff hist +6,163‎ N Analogous Estimating ‎ Created page with "== Analogous Estimating == Analogous estimating is a project management technique used to estimate the duration or cost of an activity or project by comparing it with similar activities or projects that have been completed in the past. This method leverages historical data and expert judgment to provide a quick and relatively accurate estimate, especially in the early stages of project planning when detailed information is not yet available. <div class='only_on_desktop..." current
06:3306:33, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,179‎ N Cysteine ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid, which means that it can be synthesized by the human body under normal physiological conditions, but may need to be supplemented through diet under certain circumstances. It is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC in the genetic code. Cysteine is unique among the standard amino acids due to the presence of a thiol group (-SH), which imparts distinct biochemical properties. == Chemical Structure and Properties == Cy..." current
06:3306:33, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,554‎ N Bio-inspired robotics ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Bio-inspired robotics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from biology, engineering, and robotics to design and develop robots that emulate the form, function, and behavior of biological organisms. This approach leverages the evolutionary adaptations and efficiencies found in nature to create more efficient, adaptable, and resilient robotic systems. == Historical Background == The concept of bio-inspired robotics can be traced back..." current
06:3306:33, 28 June 2024 diff hist +6,114‎ N Adenoviridae ‎ Created page with "== Adenoviridae == Adenoviridae is a family of viruses that primarily infects vertebrates, including humans. These viruses are medium-sized, non-enveloped, and possess a double-stranded DNA genome. Adenoviruses are known for causing a range of illnesses, from mild respiratory infections to more severe diseases, depending on the host and the specific virus strain. <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><div class='only_o..." current
06:3206:32, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,060‎ N Heparin ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Heparin is a naturally occurring anticoagulant produced by basophils and mast cells in the body. It is widely used in medical settings to prevent and treat thrombosis and embolism. Heparin's primary function is to inhibit the coagulation cascade, thereby preventing the formation of clots. This article delves into the biochemical properties, mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and potential complications associated with heparin. <div class='on..." current
06:3106:31, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,760‎ N DocBook XML ‎ Created page with "== Overview == DocBook XML is a semantic markup language for technical documentation. It is an XML-based system that allows authors to create structured documents, particularly books, articles, and reference documentation. DocBook is widely used in the software and hardware industries for its ability to standardize the presentation and formatting of technical content. == History == DocBook was originally developed in the early 1990s by the Davenport Group, a consortium..." current
06:3106:31, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,785‎ N Subtropical ‎ Created page with "== Definition and Overview == The term "subtropical" refers to regions of the Earth that lie immediately north and south of the tropical zone. These areas are characterized by warm to hot summers and mild winters, with temperatures rarely falling below freezing. The subtropical climate is typically found between the latitudes of 23.5° and 35° in both hemispheres. == Climate Characteristics == Subtropical climates are generally divided into two main types: humid subtr..." current
06:3106:31, 28 June 2024 diff hist +8,384‎ N Japan Railways Group ‎ Created page with "== Japan Railways Group == The **Japan Railways Group** (JR Group) is a collective term for the seven successor companies of the Japanese National Railways (JNR). These companies were formed in 1987 following the privatization and breakup of JNR, which had been a state-owned enterprise. The JR Group operates a vast network of railways across Japan, providing essential transportation services for both passengers and freight. This article delves into the history, structur..." current
06:3006:30, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,973‎ N Cable News Network ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Cable News Network (CNN) is an American news-based pay television channel founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner. CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage and was the first all-news television channel in the United States. The network is a division of Warner Bros. Discovery. CNN has since grown into a global news organization with numerous affiliated channels and services. == History == === Foundin..." current
06:3006:30, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,094‎ N Pascal's Principle ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Pascal's Principle, also known as Pascal's Law, is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics articulated by the French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal. The principle states that a change in pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container. This principle has profound implications in various fields, including engineering, hydraulics, and medical scien..." current
06:2906:29, 28 June 2024 diff hist +8,021‎ N Phobos (moon) ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Phobos is one of the two natural satellites of Mars, the other being Deimos. Discovered by American astronomer Asaph Hall on August 18, 1877, Phobos is the larger and closer of the two moons. It is named after the Greek god Phobos, a son of Ares (Mars) and Aphrodite (Venus), who personified fear and panic. == Discovery and Observation == Phobos was discovered by Asaph Hall at the United S..." current
06:2906:29, 28 June 2024 diff hist +35‎ N Exploitation Colonialism ‎ Redirected page to Colonial Exploitation current Tag: New redirect
06:2906:29, 28 June 2024 diff hist +8,885‎ N Colonial Exploitation ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Colonial exploitation refers to the economic, social, and political practices employed by colonial powers to extract resources, labor, and wealth from their colonies. This phenomenon was prevalent during the Age of Exploration and the subsequent periods of European colonialism, which spanned from the 15th to the 20th centuries. The primary objective of colonial exploitation was to benefit the colonizing country at the expense of the colonized regions a..." current
06:2806:28, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,340‎ N Roller Derby ‎ Created page with "== History of Roller Derby == Roller derby is a contact sport played by two teams of fifteen members roller skating counter-clockwise around a track. The sport originated in the United States and has evolved significantly since its inception. The modern incarnation of roller derby is predominantly played by women, though there are also male and co-ed teams. The sport's roots can be traced back to the 1930s when Leo Seltzer, a sports promoter, organized roller skating m..." current
06:2806:28, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,487‎ N Sand dune ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == A '''sand dune''' is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand, typically found in deserts, coastal regions, and river valleys. These formations are dynamic and can vary greatly in size and shape, influenced by factors such as wind direction, sand supply, and vegetation cover. Sand dunes play a crucial role in coastal and desert ecosystems, providing habitat for various species and acting as natural barriers against erosion. == Formation and D..." current
06:2806:28, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,249‎ N F/A-18E/F Super Hornet ‎ Created page with "== Development and Design == The F/A-18E/F Super Hornet is a twin-engine, carrier-capable, multirole fighter aircraft designed and produced by Boeing. The Super Hornet is a larger and more advanced derivative of the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet. The aircraft was developed to replace the aging F-14 Tomcat and to complement the F/A-18C/D Hornet in the United States Navy's fleet. The development of the Super Hornet began in the late 1980s as a response to the Navy'..." current
06:2206:22, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,290‎ N Phocidae ‎ Created page with "== Phocidae == <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><div class='only_on_mobile image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div> Phocidae, commonly known as earless seals or true seals, are a family of marine mammals that are well-adapted to life in the water. This family includes some of the most well-known species of seals, such as the harbor seal, the gray seal, and the elephant seal. Phocidae are disti..." current
06:2006:20, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,142‎ N Buffy the Vampire Slayer ‎ Created page with "== Overview == ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' is an American television series created by Joss Whedon. The series premiered on March 10, 1997, and concluded on May 20, 2003, after seven seasons and 144 episodes. The show follows Buffy Summers, played by Sarah Michelle Gellar, a young woman chosen by fate to battle against vampires, demons, and other supernatural foes. The series blends elements of horror, drama, and comedy, and has garnered a significant cult foll..." current
06:2006:20, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,811‎ N LibreSSL ‎ Created page with "== Overview == LibreSSL is an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols. It is a fork of the OpenSSL project, initiated by the OpenBSD project in 2014, with the primary goal of improving security and code quality. LibreSSL aims to provide a more secure and reliable alternative to OpenSSL by removing obsolete code, reducing complexity, and implementing modern security practices. == History == The incep..." current
06:2006:20, 28 June 2024 diff hist +6,399‎ N American Romanticism ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == American Romanticism was a literary, artistic, and intellectual movement that emerged in the United States in the early 19th century. It was part of the broader Romantic movement that originated in Europe and was characterized by an emphasis on emotion, individualism, and the glorification of nature. American Romanticism was a reaction against the rationalism and strict forms of the Enlightenment, and it sought to explore the depths of the human spirit..." current
06:1906:19, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,505‎ N Voxel-based graphics ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Voxel-based graphics represent a method of 3D modeling and rendering that uses volumetric pixels, or "voxels," as the fundamental unit of representation. Unlike traditional polygon-based graphics, which rely on vertices and edges to define shapes, voxel-based graphics utilize a grid of volumetric elements to create detailed and complex structures. This technique has gained traction in various fields, including video games, medical imaging, and scientif..." current
06:1806:18, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,957‎ N Sarcoidosis ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Sarcoidosis is a complex, multi-system granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in affected organs. The condition predominantly affects the lungs and lymphatic system but can involve virtually any organ. The clinical presentation of sarcoidosis is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe, life-threatening organ dysfunction. == Epidemiology == Sarcoidosis has a global dis..." current
06:1706:17, 28 June 2024 diff hist +10,036‎ N Heat Treating ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Heat treating is a group of industrial and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical, properties of a material. The most common application is metallurgical. Heat treatments are also used in the manufacture of many other materials, such as glass. The techniques include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening, tempering, and quenching. It is noteworthy that while the term "heat treatment" applies only to pr..." current
06:1606:16, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,876‎ N Tone (linguistics) ‎ Created page with "== Tone (Linguistics) == <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><div class='only_on_mobile image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div> Tone in linguistics refers to the use of pitch in language to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning—that is, to distinguish or inflect words. This feature is particularly prominent in tonal languages, where variations in pitch can change the meaning of a word ent..." current
06:1606:16, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,153‎ N Xamarin ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><div class='only_on_mobile image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div> Xamarin is a cross-platform mobile application development framework that allows developers to create applications for iOS, Android, and Windows using a single codebase. It is part of the Microsoft ecosystem and integrates deeply with the .NET framework, enabli..." current
06:1606:16, 28 June 2024 diff hist +9,473‎ N Max Ernst ‎ Created page with "== Early Life and Education == Max Ernst was born on April 2, 1891, in Brühl, near Cologne, Germany. He was the third of nine children in a middle-class Catholic family. His father, Philipp Ernst, was an amateur painter and a teacher of the deaf, while his mother, Louise Kopp, was a devoutly religious woman. Ernst's early exposure to art came from his father, who often painted landscapes and portraits. This early influence played a significant role in shaping Ernst's a..." current
06:1506:15, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,350‎ N Dazhbog ‎ Created page with "== Dazhbog == Dazhbog, also spelled Dazhdbog, is a prominent deity in Slavic mythology, often associated with the sun and considered one of the key gods in the Slavic pantheon. He is revered as a god of abundance, prosperity, and the giver of wealth. His role and attributes vary among different Slavic cultures, but he is consistently depicted as a powerful and benevolent figure. <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><d..." current
06:1506:15, 28 June 2024 diff hist +10,870‎ N Film Criticism ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films and the film medium. It is a multifaceted discipline that encompasses various approaches, methodologies, and perspectives to understand, interpret, and assess films. Film criticism can be academic, journalistic, or amateur, and it often involves a combination of aesthetic, cultural, historical, and technical analysis. == Historical Development == === Early Film Criticism === The origins of film cr..." current
06:1406:14, 28 June 2024 diff hist +7,025‎ N Digambara ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == <div class='only_on_desktop image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div><div class='only_on_mobile image-preview'><div class='image-preview-loader'></div></div> Digambara is one of the two main sects of Jainism, the other being Svetambara. The term "Digambara" is derived from the Sanskrit words "dig" (direction) and "ambara" (clothing), which together mean "clothed in the directions" or "sky-clad." This name reflects the sect's p..." current
06:1406:14, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,999‎ N Mackenzie Rebellion ‎ Created page with "== Background == The Mackenzie Rebellion, also known as the Upper Canada Rebellion, was a significant uprising that took place in 1837 in the region now known as Ontario, Canada. This rebellion was part of a broader series of conflicts known as the Rebellions of 1837–1838, which also included the Lower Canada Rebellion in what is now Quebec. The Mackenzie Rebellion was named after its leader, William Lyon Mackenzie, a Scottish-born Canadian-American journa..." current
06:1406:14, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,527‎ N Bone metastasis ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == '''Bone metastasis''' refers to the spread of cancer cells from their original (primary) site to the bones. This condition is a common complication of advanced cancers, particularly breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Bone metastases can cause significant morbidity, including pain, fractures, and hypercalcemia, and they often indicate a poor prognosis. == Pathophysiology == Bone metastasis occurs when..." current
06:0506:05, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,806‎ N Vidicon ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Vidicon is a type of video camera tube that was widely used in television cameras from the 1950s through the 1980s. It is a form of cathode ray tube (CRT) that converts an optical image into an electrical signal. The Vidicon was an essential technology in the development of television broadcasting and video recording. == History == The Vidicon tube was developed by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in the early 1950s. It was introduced as..." current
06:0406:04, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,119‎ N Hikaru Sulu ‎ Created page with "== Early Life and Background == Hikaru Sulu, a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise, was portrayed by actor George Takei. Sulu was born in San Francisco, Earth, in the year 2237. His full name, Hikaru Kato Sulu, reflects his Japanese heritage, a detail that was later confirmed in the Star Trek novels and films. Sulu's character was conceived by Gene Roddenberry, the creator of Star Trek, as part of his vision for a multicultural and diverse crew aboard..." current
06:0406:04, 28 June 2024 diff hist +6,460‎ N Pleurodelinae ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Pleurodelinae, commonly known as newts, represent a subfamily within the family Salamandridae. This group of amphibians is distinguished by their semi-aquatic lifestyle, complex life cycles, and distinctive morphological characteristics. Newts are primarily found in the Northern Hemisphere, with a significant presence in Europe, Asia, and North America. This article delves into the taxonomy, anatomy, behavior, ecology, and conservation of Pleurodel..." current
06:0406:04, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,985‎ N Rosaceae ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Rosaceae family, commonly known as the rose family, is a significant group of flowering plants comprising approximately 90 genera and over 2,500 species. This family is notable for its economic importance, encompassing a wide range of fruits, ornamental plants, and timber species. The Rosaceae family is predominantly found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, although some species are also present in tropical and subtropical areas. ==..." current
06:0306:03, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,134‎ N Case Blue ‎ Created page with "== Background == Case Blue, also known as Fall Blau, was the German strategic summer offensive in 1942 during World War II. The operation aimed to secure the oil fields of the Caucasus and the city of Stalingrad. This campaign was a continuation of the German Wehrmacht's efforts to defeat the Soviet Union after the failure of Operation Barbarossa in 1941. The primary objective of Case Blue was to capture the oil-rich regions of Baku, Grozny, and Maikop, which were cruci..." current
06:0306:03, 28 June 2024 diff hist +8,932‎ N Philanthropy ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Philanthropy is the act of promoting the welfare of others, typically through the generous donation of money, resources, or time to charitable causes. The term originates from the Greek words "philos," meaning loving, and "anthropos," meaning human, thus translating to "love of humanity." Philanthropy encompasses a wide range of activities aimed at improving the quality of life for individuals and communities, often focusing on areas such as education..." current
06:0306:03, 28 June 2024 diff hist +6,217‎ N Civilizations ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Civilizations are complex societies characterized by the development of urban centers, social stratification, symbolic communication forms (typically writing systems), and the ability to dominate their environment through technological and cultural advancements. The study of civilizations encompasses a wide array of disciplines, including archaeology, anthropology, history, and sociology. This article delves into the intricate aspects o..." current
06:0106:01, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,124‎ N Somalia ‎ Created page with "== Geography == Somalia is located in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. It occupies a strategic geopolitical position, with a coastline stretching over 3,333 kilometers, the longest of any African nation. The terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains, and highlands. The northern part of the country is mountainous, with the highest peak..." current
06:0106:01, 28 June 2024 diff hist +11,736‎ N Nordic countries ‎ Created page with "== Geography and Climate == The Nordic countries, also known as Norden, comprise a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic. The term "Nordic countries" includes Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, as well as their associated territories: Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and Åland. These countries share a common historical and cultural heritage, as well as similar political systems and social structures. <div class='only_on_de..." current
06:0006:00, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,392‎ N Adolf Joffe ‎ Created page with "== Early Life and Education == Adolf Abramovich Joffe was born on October 10, 1883, in Simferopol, Crimea, which was then part of the Russian Empire. He was born into a wealthy Karaite family, which allowed him access to a high-quality education. Joffe attended secondary school in Simferopol and later moved to Odessa, where he became involved in revolutionary activities. His early exposure to Marxist literature and revolutionary ideas significantly shaped his politic..." current
06:0006:00, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,517‎ N Max Tegmark ‎ Created page with "== Early Life and Education == Max Tegmark, born on May 5, 1967, in Stockholm, Sweden, is a prominent physicist and cosmologist. He is the son of Karin Tegmark, a mathematician, and Harold Shapiro, an American professor of statistics. Tegmark's early interest in science was nurtured by his parents, both of whom were deeply involved in academic pursuits. He pursued his undergraduate studies at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, where he earned a Master of Sc..." current
06:0006:00, 28 June 2024 diff hist +3,597‎ N Horace ‎ Created page with "== Early Life and Background == Quintus Horatius Flaccus, commonly known as Horace, was born on December 8, 65 BCE, in Venusia, a small town in southern Italy. His father, a freedman, worked as a coactor (a middleman in auctions), which allowed him to provide Horace with an excellent education. Horace was sent to Rome to study under the grammaticus Orbilius Pupillus, who introduced him to the works of Homer and other classical authors. Later, Horace continued his ed..." current
05:5905:59, 28 June 2024 diff hist +3,868‎ N Chandogya Brahmana ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == The Chandogya Brahmana is a significant text within the broader corpus of Vedic literature, specifically associated with the Sama Veda. As a Brahmana text, it serves to provide detailed explanations and instructions on the rituals and ceremonies described in the Samhitas, the earliest layer of Vedic texts. The Chandogya Brahmana is particularly notable for its intricate discussions on the performance of sacrifices and the philosophical unde..." current
05:5905:59, 28 June 2024 diff hist +8,321‎ N Pan-Africanism ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Pan-Africanism is a worldwide intellectual movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all people of African descent. It is based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social, and political progress and aims to unify and uplift people of African heritage. The ideology asserts that the fates of all African peoples and countries are intertwined. The roots of Pan-Africanism can be traced back to the struggles agains..." current
05:5905:59, 28 June 2024 diff hist +5,935‎ N Euralille ‎ Created page with "== Overview == Euralille is a major urban development project located in Lille, France. Conceived in the late 1980s and inaugurated in 1994, Euralille is a prime example of contemporary urban planning and architecture. The project was designed to transform Lille into a key European hub by leveraging its strategic location at the crossroads of major European high-speed rail lines. Euralille encompasses a mix of commercial, residential, and office spaces, and is known for..." current
05:5805:58, 28 June 2024 diff hist +4,896‎ N Lexical Semantics ‎ Created page with "== Introduction == Lexical semantics is a subfield of linguistic semantics that studies how and what the words of a language denote. This includes the meaning of words, their historical development, their connotations, and their relationship to other words in the same language. Lexical semantics is concerned with the meaning of words and the meaning relationships among words. It is a critical area of study within linguistics and cognitive science because it helps..." current

28 June 2024