Yellow Sea
Geography
The Yellow Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean, located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula. Its name comes from the sand particles from the Gobi Desert sand storms that turn the surface of the water golden yellow. The innermost bay of the Yellow Sea is called the Bohai Sea (previously Pechihli Bay or Chihli Bay). Into it flow both the Yellow River (through Shandong province and its capital Jinan) and the Hai River (through Beijing and Tianjin).
Hydrology
The Yellow Sea is a shallow sea with an average depth of 44 meters and a maximum depth of 152 meters. It is characterized by extensive tidal flats and shallows, which are among the largest in the world. The sea's coastal areas are known for their rich biodiversity, supporting a variety of marine life, including several species of whales, seals, and birds.
Climate
The climate of the Yellow Sea region varies from subtropical to temperate, with monsoonal influences. The sea experiences four distinct seasons, with cold, dry winters and hot, humid summers. The region is frequently affected by typhoons, particularly in late summer and early autumn.
Biodiversity
The Yellow Sea is home to a diverse range of marine species. It is a critical habitat for numerous species of migratory birds and is recognized as a globally important bird area. The sea also supports a variety of marine mammals, including the Finless Porpoise and the Spotted Seal. The sea's biodiversity is threatened by overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution.
Economy
The Yellow Sea region is economically significant, supporting a variety of industries including fishing, shipping, and tourism. The sea is a major fishing ground, providing a significant portion of the fish consumed in China and Korea. The region also supports a thriving shipping industry, with major ports located in Qingdao, Dalian, and Incheon.
Environmental issues
The Yellow Sea faces several environmental challenges, including overfishing, pollution, and habitat degradation. These issues have led to a decline in the sea's biodiversity and have negatively impacted the region's economy. Efforts are being made to address these challenges and to promote sustainable practices in the region.