Wu (state)
History
The state of Wu (吳) was a regional power during the Spring and Autumn and early Warring States periods of ancient China, with its capital at Suzhou. The state was located in the fertile Yangtze delta, in what is now modern Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
Origins
The origins of the state of Wu are shrouded in mystery. According to the Records of the Grand Historian, the state was founded by Taibo, the elder uncle of King Wen of Zhou. Taibo is said to have voluntarily ceded the throne to his younger brother, Jili, and moved south to establish the state of Wu.
Culture
The culture of the state of Wu was distinct from that of the central plains. The people of Wu spoke a dialect of Chinese that was different from the language spoken in the central plains. They also had their own unique customs and traditions, such as tattooing their bodies and faces, and using small boats for transportation.
Military
The military of the state of Wu was known for its naval prowess. The state's location in the Yangtze delta made it a natural maritime power, and it used this advantage to expand its territory and influence. The state of Wu also had a strong infantry, and was known for its use of iron weapons, which were superior to the bronze weapons used by most other states at the time.
Relations with Other States
The state of Wu had a complex relationship with other states during the Spring and Autumn and early Warring States periods. It was often in conflict with its neighbor to the north, the state of Chu, but also formed alliances with other states, such as the state of Qi, against common enemies.
Downfall
The downfall of the state of Wu came in 473 BC, when it was conquered by the state of Yue, its former vassal. The last king of Wu, King Fuchai, is said to have committed suicide after the fall of his state.
Legacy
Despite its relatively short existence, the state of Wu had a lasting impact on Chinese history. It played a key role in the development of the Warring States period, and its culture and traditions influenced the regions of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which are still known for their distinctive culture today.