Venezuela
Geography
Venezuela, officially known as the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is located in the northern region of South America. It is bordered by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Guyana to the east, Brazil to the south, and Colombia to the west.
The country's geography is characterized by a diverse range of landscapes, including the Andes Mountains, the Maracaibo Lowlands, the Central Highlands, the Guiana Highlands, and the Llanos plains. The country's highest point, Pico Bolívar, located in the Andes, reaches an elevation of nearly 5,000 meters.
History
Venezuela's history can be traced back to indigenous tribes such as the Caribs and the Arawaks. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1498 marked the beginning of European exploration and colonization. Venezuela was a part of the Spanish Empire until it gained independence in 1811, largely due to the efforts of Simón Bolívar, a key figure in the South American independence movement.
Politics
Venezuela is a federal presidential republic. The President of Venezuela is both the head of state and head of government. The National Assembly is the legislative branch of the government, composed of deputies elected by the people. The judiciary is independent, with the Supreme Tribunal of Justice being the highest court in the land.
Economy
Venezuela's economy is largely based on the petroleum sector, which accounts for over half of the government's revenue and more than 90% of the country's export earnings. Other significant sectors include manufacturing and agriculture. However, the country has faced significant economic challenges in recent years, including hyperinflation, shortages of basic goods, and a severe recession.
Culture
Venezuelan culture is a blend of indigenous, African, and Spanish influences. This is reflected in the country's music, cuisine, literature, and art. The country is also known for its passion for sports, particularly baseball, which is the most popular sport in Venezuela.