Thermostat
Introduction
A thermostat is a device that serves to regulate the temperature of a system so that the system's temperature is maintained near a desired setpoint. The name is derived from the Greek words "thermo" meaning heat and "statos" which means standing and stable. Thermostats are used in any device or system that heats or cools to a setpoint temperature, examples include building heating, central heating, air conditioners, HVAC systems, water heaters, as well as kitchen equipment including ovens and refrigerators.
History
The earliest form of a thermostat was developed in the 1620s by Cornelis Drebbel who invented a mercury thermostat to regulate the temperature in a furnace. The first modern thermostat was invented in the 19th century by Andrew Ure, a Scottish chemist, who invented the bi-metallic thermostat. This device used a strip of two metals with different rates of expansion to move a pointer which could be adjusted to control a furnace damper.
Types of Thermostats
There are several types of thermostats used in various applications. These include:
Mechanical Thermostats
Mechanical thermostats use physical mechanisms to change settings based on the temperature. They are typically less expensive than digital thermostats and are commonly used in older homes. The two main types of mechanical thermostats are line voltage thermostats and low voltage thermostats.
Digital Thermostats
Digital thermostats use electronic controls to manage the temperature settings. They are typically more accurate and efficient than mechanical thermostats. Digital thermostats can be programmable or non-programmable.
Smart Thermostats
Smart thermostats are a newer type of thermostat that can be controlled remotely using a smartphone or computer. They can learn your schedule and preferences, allowing for more efficient and convenient control of your home's heating and cooling.
How Thermostats Work
A thermostat works by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature. The thermostat does this by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or by regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature.
Applications of Thermostats
Thermostats are used in a variety of applications, including:
Home Heating and Cooling
In homes, thermostats are used to control the operation of the heating and cooling system. They can be set to a desired temperature, and the system will turn on or off as needed to maintain that temperature.
Industrial Applications
In industrial settings, thermostats are used to control the temperature of ovens, refrigerators, and HVAC systems. They can also be used in manufacturing processes that require precise temperature control.
Automotive Applications
In vehicles, thermostats control the temperature of the engine by regulating the flow of coolant. This helps to prevent the engine from overheating.