Text Summarization
Introduction
Text summarization is the process of shortening a text document with software, in such a way that retains the most important points fully. It is a branch of natural language processing (NLP) and a form of data compression designed specifically for human language. Text summarization finds the most informative sentences in a document.
Types of Text Summarization
There are two main types of text summarization: extractive and abstractive.
Extractive Summarization
Extractive summarization involves the selection of phrases and sentences from the source document to make up the new summary. This process relies on the understanding of the text and its context. It is the most common type of text summarization.
Abstractive Summarization
Abstractive summarization, on the other hand, involves generating entirely new phrases and sentences. It aims to reproduce the meaning of the original text, and in doing so, it may create new phrases and sentences to convey that meaning as concisely as possible.
Techniques Used in Text Summarization
Various techniques are used in text summarization, including machine learning and rule-based methods.
Machine Learning Techniques
Machine learning techniques for text summarization train a model to learn to predict which sentences are important. This is often done using a large number of human-created summaries as training data.
Rule-Based Methods
Rule-based methods for text summarization create a summary by applying a set of predefined rules to the text. These rules may be based on linguistic knowledge or statistical techniques.
Applications of Text Summarization
Text summarization has many applications in various fields such as news summarization, article summarization, and report generation.
News Summarization
In news summarization, the system extracts the most important information from a news article and presents it in a condensed form. This helps readers to quickly understand the main points of the news without reading the entire article.
Article Summarization
Article summarization involves condensing a long article into a short summary. This can be useful for people who want to get the gist of an article without reading the whole thing.
Report Generation
In report generation, text summarization can be used to generate a summary report of a large document or multiple documents. This can be useful in business settings where decision-makers need to understand the key points of a large volume of text quickly.
Challenges in Text Summarization
Despite the advances in text summarization, there are still many challenges in this field. These include the difficulty of maintaining the coherence and relevance of the summary, the lack of training data, and the complexity of human language.