Sunna
Introduction
The term "Sunna" refers to the body of traditional social and legal custom and practice of the Islamic community, based on the verbally transmitted record of the teachings, deeds and sayings, silent permissions (or disapprovals) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It is a significant aspect of Islamic jurisprudence and forms an integral part of the Islamic faith.
Origin and Etymology
The word "Sunna" is derived from the Arabic root 's-n-n', which means 'to tread' or 'to follow'. It is used to describe a path or a way that is followed. In the context of Islam, Sunna refers to the actions, sayings and approvals of Prophet Muhammad, which serve as a model for Muslims to emulate.
Role in Islamic Law
Sunna plays a crucial role in shaping Islamic law, also known as Sharia law. It is considered the second most important source of Islamic law, after the Qur'an. The Sunna, as recorded in the Hadith collections, provides practical examples of the principles outlined in the Qur'an. It serves as a guide for Muslims in matters of worship, social dealings, and legal issues.
Categories of Sunna
Sunna can be categorized into three types: Sunna Qawliyyah, Sunna Filiyyah, and Sunna Taqririyyah.
Sunna Qawliyyah
Sunna Qawliyyah refers to the sayings of Prophet Muhammad. These sayings provide guidance on various aspects of life and form a significant part of Islamic teachings.
Sunna Filiyyah
Sunna Filiyyah refers to the actions of Prophet Muhammad. These actions serve as a model for Muslims and provide practical examples of how to apply the teachings of Islam in daily life.
Sunna Taqririyyah
Sunna Taqririyyah refers to the approvals of Prophet Muhammad. These approvals provide insight into what actions are permissible in Islam and what actions are not.
Importance of Sunna
The Sunna of Prophet Muhammad is of paramount importance in Islam. It is considered the practical manifestation of the teachings of the Qur'an. The Sunna provides guidance on how to live a righteous life and serves as a model for Muslims to emulate. It is also a primary source of Islamic law and forms the basis for many legal rulings.
Sunna and Sectarian Differences
The role and interpretation of Sunna can vary among different Islamic sects. For instance, Sunni Muslims place a high emphasis on the Sunna and consider it an integral part of their faith. On the other hand, Shia Muslims also regard the Sunna as important but place more emphasis on the sayings and actions of their Imams, who they believe are the rightful successors of Prophet Muhammad.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Sunna is a fundamental aspect of Islam. It provides guidance on various aspects of life and forms a significant part of Islamic teachings. The Sunna serves as a model for Muslims to follow and is a primary source of Islamic law.