Spasim
Introduction
"Spasim" is a pioneering multiplayer 3D first-person shooter (FPS) video game developed by Jim Bowery. Released in March 1974, it is often cited as one of the earliest examples of a 3D multiplayer game. The game was designed for the PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations) system, a computer-based education system developed at the University of Illinois. "Spasim" stands out in the history of video games for its innovative use of 3D graphics and networked multiplayer gameplay, which were groundbreaking at the time.
Development and Release
"Spasim" was developed by Jim Bowery, a computer programmer and enthusiast. The game was created on the PLATO system, which was known for its advanced graphical capabilities and support for multiplayer gaming. The PLATO system used plasma display panels and was one of the first systems to support touch-screen technology. Bowery's goal was to create a space simulation game that allowed multiple players to interact in a shared 3D environment.
The game was released in March 1974 and quickly gained popularity among PLATO users. "Spasim" allowed up to 32 players to connect and compete in a simulated 3D space environment. Players controlled spaceships and engaged in combat with each other, navigating through a wireframe representation of space.
Gameplay Mechanics
"Spasim" featured several innovative gameplay mechanics that were ahead of its time. The game was played from a first-person perspective, with players viewing the game world through the cockpit of their spaceship. The 3D graphics were rendered using wireframe models, which were a common technique for representing 3D objects in the early days of computer graphics.
Players could move their spaceships in all three dimensions, using the keyboard to control their movement and orientation. The game included a simple physics model that simulated the inertia and momentum of the spaceships, adding a layer of realism to the gameplay. Players could fire projectiles at each other, and the game kept track of hits and misses to determine the outcome of battles.
Technical Innovations
"Spasim" was notable for its use of 3D graphics and networked multiplayer gameplay. At the time of its release, most video games were limited to 2D graphics and single-player experiences. The PLATO system's advanced hardware and networking capabilities allowed "Spasim" to push the boundaries of what was possible in a video game.
The game's 3D graphics were rendered using wireframe models, which were computationally efficient and allowed for real-time rendering on the PLATO system's hardware. The networked multiplayer gameplay was facilitated by the PLATO system's support for multiple terminals connected to a central mainframe. This allowed players to compete against each other in real-time, a feature that was rare in video games of the era.
Legacy and Influence
"Spasim" is considered a landmark in the history of video games for its pioneering use of 3D graphics and networked multiplayer gameplay. The game laid the groundwork for future developments in the FPS genre and influenced many subsequent games. While "Spasim" itself did not achieve widespread commercial success, its innovations were recognized by game developers and researchers.
The game's influence can be seen in later titles such as "Maze War" and "Battlezone," which also featured 3D graphics and multiplayer gameplay. "Spasim" is often cited as an early precursor to modern FPS games, which have become one of the most popular and enduring genres in the video game industry.