Pasty
Introduction
A pasty is a traditional baked pastry, originating from Cornwall, England. It is a type of hand pie characterized by its distinctive D-shape and crimped edge. The pasty is typically filled with a mixture of meat, vegetables, and seasonings, encased in a shortcrust pastry. Historically, it was a convenient and portable meal for Cornish miners. Today, pasties are enjoyed worldwide and have numerous regional variations.
History
The origins of the pasty can be traced back to the 13th century. The first documented mention of the pasty was in a 13th-century charter, where it was noted as a food item. By the 17th and 18th centuries, the pasty had become a staple food for Cornish miners. The robust and portable nature of the pasty made it an ideal meal for miners working in harsh conditions. The crimped edge served as a handle, which could be discarded after eating to avoid contamination from dirty hands.
Ingredients and Preparation
Pastry
The pastry used for pasties is typically a shortcrust pastry, made from flour, fat (usually butter or lard), and water. The dough is rolled out into a circle, filled, and then folded over to create the characteristic D-shape. The edges are crimped to seal the filling inside.
Filling
The traditional filling for a Cornish pasty includes diced beef, potatoes, swede (rutabaga), and onions. These ingredients are seasoned with salt and pepper. The filling is placed on one half of the pastry circle, which is then folded over and crimped.
Baking
Pasties are baked in a hot oven, typically at around 220°C (425°F), for about 45 minutes to an hour. The high temperature ensures a crisp, golden-brown crust while cooking the filling thoroughly.
Variations
Regional Variations
While the traditional Cornish pasty remains popular, numerous regional variations exist. In Devon, for example, pasties may include ingredients such as cheese and leeks. In the United States, particularly in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, pasties often contain ground beef and carrots.
Modern Variations
Modern pasties can include a wide range of fillings, from chicken and mushroom to vegetarian options like spinach and feta. Sweet pasties, filled with fruits such as apple or blackberry, are also popular.
Cultural Significance
The pasty holds a significant place in Cornish culture and heritage. It is recognized as a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) by the European Union, meaning that only pasties made in Cornwall following the traditional recipe can be labeled as "Cornish pasties." The pasty is celebrated annually on Cornish Pasty Week, which includes events such as the World Pasty Championships.
Nutritional Information
A traditional Cornish pasty is a hearty meal, providing a substantial amount of calories, protein, and carbohydrates. The nutritional content can vary depending on the specific ingredients used. On average, a pasty contains around 500-700 calories, with significant amounts of protein, fat, and fiber.