Mining engineering
Introduction
Mining engineering is a branch of engineering that involves the practice, theory, technology, and application of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment. Mining engineering also includes processing minerals for additional value.
History
The history of mining engineering can be traced back to ancient times. The earliest known mine, the "Lion Cave" in Swaziland (now known as Eswatini), dates back to 43,000 BC. The ancient Romans were innovators in mining engineering. They developed large scale mining methods, such as the use of large volumes of water brought to the minehead by numerous aqueducts for hydraulic mining.
Education and Training
A degree in mining engineering includes courses in geology, physics, thermodynamics, mine design and safety, and mathematics. Specific courses that are unique to mining engineering include mine ventilation, mine planning and design, and rock mechanics. In some cases, a Master's Degree in Mining Engineering may be required for certain positions within the industry.
Roles and Responsibilities
A mining engineer's primary role is to design and develop methods for extracting minerals from the earth. They are also responsible for ensuring that the mining process is safe and efficient. This includes designing and testing mining equipment, developing mining plans and procedures, and ensuring that mining operations comply with local, state, and federal regulations.
Mining Methods
There are two basic types of mining: surface mining and underground mining. Surface mining is used when the minerals are located near the surface of the earth. This method includes open-pit mining, strip mining, and mountaintop removal. Underground mining is used when the minerals are located deep within the earth. This method includes drift mining, slope mining, shaft mining, and hard rock mining.
Safety and Environmental Considerations
Safety is a major concern in mining engineering. Mining engineers must design safe mining operations and procedures to prevent accidents and protect workers. They must also ensure that mining operations comply with local, state, and federal safety regulations.
Environmental considerations are also a major concern in mining engineering. Mining engineers must design mining operations that minimize environmental damage and comply with environmental regulations. This includes designing mining operations that minimize soil erosion, water pollution, and air pollution.
Future Trends
The future of mining engineering is likely to be shaped by advances in technology and changes in environmental regulations. New technologies, such as autonomous mining equipment and advanced data analytics, are likely to make mining operations more efficient and safer. Changes in environmental regulations are likely to require mining engineers to design mining operations that are more environmentally friendly.