Meeting for Worship

Introduction

A Meeting for Worship is a central practice in the Quaker tradition, characterized by communal worship that emphasizes silent waiting and the possibility of vocal ministry. This article explores the historical development, theological underpinnings, variations, and contemporary practices of Meetings for Worship.

Historical Development

The practice of Meeting for Worship originated in the mid-17th century during the English Civil War. Early Quakers, led by George Fox, sought a direct, unmediated experience of God, rejecting formal liturgies and clergy. The first Meetings for Worship were held in homes, barns, and fields, reflecting the Quaker emphasis on simplicity and accessibility.

Early Influences

The Quaker practice was influenced by the Puritan emphasis on personal piety and the Anabaptist focus on community. However, Quakers diverged significantly by rejecting sacraments and formal sermons, instead advocating for a direct, inward experience of the Divine.

Theological Underpinnings

Quaker theology posits that there is "that of God in everyone," a belief that underlies the practice of silent worship. This concept is rooted in the Inner Light, an inward spiritual presence that guides and inspires individuals.

Inner Light

The Inner Light is a foundational Quaker belief that each person has direct access to the Divine without the need for intermediaries. This belief shapes the structure of Meetings for Worship, where silence allows for the Inner Light to be experienced and shared.

Vocal Ministry

During a Meeting for Worship, participants may feel led by the Inner Light to speak. This is known as vocal ministry. Such contributions are expected to be spontaneous, Spirit-led, and reflective of the communal discernment process.

Variations in Practice

While the core elements of silent waiting and vocal ministry are consistent, there are variations in how Meetings for Worship are conducted across different Quaker traditions.

Unprogrammed Worship

Unprogrammed worship, practiced primarily by Liberal Quakers, consists entirely of silent waiting and spontaneous vocal ministry. There is no prearranged order of service, and the meeting can last from one to two hours.

Programmed Worship

Programmed worship, more common among Evangelical Friends, includes elements such as hymns, scripture readings, and a prepared sermon, interspersed with periods of silence. This form of worship reflects a blend of Quaker and Protestant traditions.

Semi-Programmed Worship

Semi-programmed worship combines elements of both unprogrammed and programmed worship. It includes some structured components, such as readings and hymns, but retains significant periods of silence for spontaneous vocal ministry.

Contemporary Practices

Modern Meetings for Worship continue to evolve, reflecting changes in society and the diverse contexts in which Quakers live and worship.

Online Meetings

With the advent of digital technology, many Quaker meetings have adapted to include online worship. This allows for greater accessibility and inclusivity, enabling Friends from different geographical locations to participate.

Interfaith and Ecumenical Meetings

Some Quaker meetings engage in interfaith and ecumenical worship, reflecting a commitment to inclusivity and dialogue. These meetings may incorporate elements from other religious traditions while maintaining the core Quaker practice of silent waiting.