List of Nobel laureates
Overview
The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist, engineer and inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. The prizes in Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine were first awarded in 1901. The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden, is an associated prize.
Nobel laureates in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. The first Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 1901 to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, of Germany, who received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The most recent Physics laureates are Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez, who were awarded the prize in 2020.
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands, who received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 8,331,610 SEK in December 2007. The most recent Chemistry laureates are Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, who were awarded the prize in 2020.
Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to Emil Adolf von Behring, of Germany, for his work on serum therapy. The most recent laureates are Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice, who were awarded the prize in 2020.
Nobel laureates in Literature
The Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded by the Swedish Academy, Stockholm, Sweden. The first Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded in 1901 to Sully Prudhomme, of France. The most recent laureates are Louise Glück, who was awarded the prize in 2020.
Nobel laureates in Peace
The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded by the Norwegian Nobel Committee. The first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901 to Henry Dunant and Frédéric Passy. The most recent laureates are World Food Programme, who were awarded the prize in 2020.
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. The first laureate was Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen in 1969. The most recent laureates are Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson, who were awarded the prize in 2020.