Hereford Mappa Mundi
Overview
The Hereford Mappa Mundi is a medieval map of the world created around the year 1300. It is the largest known existing map of its kind, drawn on a single sheet of vellum (calf skin). The map is richly decorated with intricate illustrations and inscriptions, providing a fascinating insight into the medieval understanding of the world and its history. The map is housed in the Hereford Cathedral in Hereford, England.
Description
The Hereford Mappa Mundi measures 158 cm by 133 cm. The map is oriented with east at the top, a common practice in medieval cartography. Jerusalem is depicted at the center of the world, reflecting the religious significance of the city in the Christian world. The map includes depictions of various biblical events, mythical creatures, and classical myths. It also includes drawings of different races of mankind, known in medieval times, and over 500 towns and cities.
History
The Hereford Mappa Mundi was likely created by Richard of Haldingham and Lafford, also known as Richard de Bello, a prebend of Lincoln Cathedral. The map was donated to Hereford Cathedral in the 14th century, where it has remained ever since. The map was almost sold in the 19th century to pay for the restoration of the cathedral, but was eventually saved by the public subscription.
Significance
The Hereford Mappa Mundi is considered one of the most important preserved medieval maps. It is not only a map, but also a visual encyclopedia of the 13th-century world view. The map provides valuable insights into the medieval understanding of geography, history, and theology. Despite its inaccuracies by modern standards, the map is a remarkable testament to the knowledge and imagination of its time.
Preservation and Display
The Hereford Mappa Mundi is currently on display in a purpose-built museum in the Hereford Cathedral. The map is displayed in a controlled environment to prevent damage from light, temperature, and humidity. The map underwent a major conservation project in the 1980s to repair damage and ensure its long-term preservation.
