Hassan Rouhani
Early Life and Education
Hassan Rouhani was born on 12 November 1948 in Sorkheh, near Semnan. His family is of religious background and his father was a businessman. Rouhani started religious studies in 1960, first at Semnan Seminary before moving on to the Qom Seminary in 1961. He also studied modern courses, and was admitted to the University of Tehran in 1969, and in 1972, he graduated with a degree in law.
Political Career
Rouhani has been active in politics since the 1960s. He was part of the anti-Shah movement and was arrested several times. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Rouhani, who had been studying in the UK, returned to Iran and became a member of the new government. He held numerous key positions such as deputy speaker of the Majlis, member of the Supreme Defense Council, commander of the Iran-Iraq War, and secretary of the Supreme National Security Council.
Presidency
Rouhani's presidency began in 2013, when he won the presidential election with a campaign promising to improve Iran's relations with the rest of the world, and to improve the economic situation in the country. His tenure saw the signing of the JCPOA with the P5+1 countries in 2015, which was seen as a significant step in reducing tensions between Iran and the West. However, the U.S. withdrawal from the agreement in 2018 has put its future in doubt.
Economic Policies
Rouhani's economic policies have focused on reducing inflation and boosting growth. He has also sought to increase Iran's oil exports, and has pursued a policy of economic openness. However, the re-imposition of U.S. sanctions following their withdrawal from the JCPOA has hindered these efforts.
Foreign Policy
Rouhani's foreign policy has been marked by a desire to improve relations with the West, and a focus on diplomacy. This was most clearly seen in the negotiations leading up to the signing of the JCPOA. However, his efforts have been complicated by regional conflicts, and by the U.S. withdrawal from the JCPOA.
Personal Life
Rouhani is married and has four children. He is known for his modest lifestyle, and his interest in academic pursuits. He holds a Ph.D. in Constitutional Law from Glasgow Caledonian University, and has written numerous books and articles on law, religion, and politics.
Legacy
Rouhani's legacy is still being written, but his presidency will likely be remembered for the signing of the JCPOA, and for his efforts to improve Iran's economy and its relations with the rest of the world. However, the ultimate success of these efforts remains to be seen.