German Research Foundation
Overview
The German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft or DFG) is the principal self-governing organization in Germany responsible for promoting research at universities and other publicly funded research institutions. The DFG is an association under private law, its members being German research universities, non-university research institutions, scientific associations, and the Academies of Science and Humanities.
History
The DFG was established on January 30, 1920, as the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft (Emergency Association of German Science). After World War II, the DFG was re-established in 1949 as the successor to the pre-war Emergency Association of German Science.
Function and Structure
The DFG's primary task is to provide funding for research projects and to facilitate cooperation between researchers. It promotes all branches of science and the humanities by funding research projects at universities and other research institutions. It also encourages international research collaboration.
The DFG is structured into various bodies. The highest decision-making body is the General Assembly, which is composed of the member institutions. The Executive Committee, elected by the General Assembly, is another key body, as it makes decisions on research funding and other significant matters. The Head Office, located in Bonn, is responsible for the day-to-day operations.
Funding
The DFG funds a wide range of research projects, from individual projects carried out by one researcher, to collaborative research centers involving multiple institutions. The funding is provided on a competitive basis, with applications reviewed by committees of experts in the relevant field.
The DFG's budget is primarily derived from the federal government and the states of Germany. It also receives funds from the European Union and other international sources.
Impact
The DFG has a significant impact on the German research landscape. It has funded numerous research projects that have led to major scientific breakthroughs. It also plays a key role in shaping Germany's research policy and in promoting the country's international scientific cooperation.
Criticism and Controversies
Despite its significant role, the DFG has faced criticism and controversies. Some critics argue that the DFG's funding policies favor established researchers and institutions, thereby limiting opportunities for young researchers and smaller institutions. There have also been controversies related to allegations of scientific misconduct in DFG-funded projects.