Electrophysiology Study
Introduction
An electrophysiology study (EPS) is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the electrical activity and conduction pathways of the heart. This test is performed to assess complex arrhythmias, elucidate symptoms, evaluate abnormal electrocardiograms, assess risk of developing arrhythmias in the future, and design treatment.
Procedure
During an EPS, a thin flexible wire is passed through a vein in the groin (or neck), then guided into the heart under fluoroscopic guidance. Once these wires are inside the heart, they can serve as electrodes to stimulate the heart and evaluate the responses. This stimulation does not cause any pain to the patient.
Indications
An EPS is often recommended in the following situations:
- To determine the cause of an abnormal heart rhythm
- To locate the site of origin of an abnormal heart rhythm
- To decide the best treatment for an abnormal heart rhythm
- To assess the risk of a person developing a life-threatening abnormal heart rhythm in the future
Risks
As with any invasive procedure, there are risks associated with an EPS. These include, but are not limited to, bleeding, infection, and damage to the heart or blood vessels. Additionally, the procedure may cause arrhythmias, which could require emergency treatment.
Interpretation
The data collected during an EPS is interpreted by an electrophysiologist. This specialist can interpret the signals from the heart, identify the rhythm disturbance, and determine the best course of treatment.