Complimentary close

Introduction

The complimentary close, also known as the valediction, is a short phrase or word used to end a written communication, typically a letter or email. It is a formal way to conclude a message, signaling the end of the communication and expressing goodwill towards the recipient. The choice of complimentary close can vary depending on the relationship between the sender and the recipient, the formality of the communication, and cultural norms.

Etymology

The term "complimentary close" originates from the Latin word "complimentum", which means a polite expression of praise or admiration. The word "close" in this context is used in the sense of conclusion or ending, derived from the Old French "clos", meaning to conclude or finish.

Types of Complimentary Closes

There are numerous types of complimentary closes, ranging from formal to informal, and their usage is largely dependent on the context of the communication. Some common examples include:

Formal: "Yours sincerely", "Yours faithfully", "Respectfully yours"
Semi-formal: "Best regards", "Kind regards", "With appreciation"
Informal: "Best", "Cheers", "Thanks"

Usage in Different Contexts

The choice of complimentary close can convey different levels of formality, respect, and familiarity.

Business Correspondence

In business correspondence, the complimentary close is typically formal. "Yours sincerely" is often used when the sender knows the recipient personally, while "Yours faithfully" is used when the recipient is unknown. Other formal closes such as "Respectfully yours" or "Very truly yours" may also be used.

Personal Correspondence

In personal correspondence, the complimentary close can be more informal, reflecting the relationship between the sender and recipient. Phrases such as "Best", "Cheers", or "Thanks" are common.

Cultural Variations

Different cultures may have different norms for complimentary closes. For example, in Japan, a common close is "Yoroshiku onegaishimasu", which roughly translates to "I'm counting on you". In French, "Cordialement" (Cordially) is often used.

Choosing the Right Complimentary Close

The choice of complimentary close depends on several factors:

Relationship with the recipient: A more formal close is typically used when the relationship is professional or distant, while a more informal close can be used when the sender and recipient know each other well.
Purpose of the communication: Formal closes are typically used in professional or official communications, while informal closes are more common in personal communications.
Cultural norms: The sender should be aware of cultural norms and expectations when choosing a complimentary close.