Chios
Geography
Chios is the fifth largest of the Greek Islands, situated in the Aegean Sea, 7 kilometres off the Anatolian coast. The island is separated from Turkey by the Chios Strait. Chios is notable for its exports of mastic gum and its nickname is "the Mastic Island". Tourist attractions include its medieval villages and the 11th-century monastery of Nea Moni, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
History
The island's recorded history begins with the arrival of the Ionians in the 11th century BC. Chios was a significant naval power during the Ionian Revolt against Persia (499–493 BC), but the island was subdued by the Persians and later by the Athenians. The island was later ruled by the Byzantines, Genoese, and Ottomans, with brief periods of Latin and Venetian rule.
Economy
Chios has a strong merchant shipping community, and various shipping tycoons such as the Livanos and Pateras families are from Chios. The island's economy is primarily based on tourism, shipping, and the production of mastic gum, citrus fruits, olives, and wine.
Culture
Chios has a rich cultural heritage dating back to the ancient Greeks. The island is known for its unique Easter celebrations, where locals engage in a rocket war, known as the Rouketopolemos, in the town of Vrontados. The island is also home to the Chios Music Festival, which attracts artists and musicians from around the world.