Atlantic Ocean
Geography
The Atlantic Ocean, the second largest of the world's oceans, is a body of saltwater that separates the continents of the Americas from those of Europe and Africa. It covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to be the youngest among all the major oceans.
Physical properties
The Atlantic Ocean has a total area of about 106,460,000 square kilometers. Its average depth is 3,646 meters, and its greatest known depth is 8,486 meters in the Puerto Rico Trench. The Atlantic's salinity ranges from 33 to 37 parts per thousand (3.3 - 3.7%) and its surface circulation is primarily driven by the Gulf Stream System, one of the world's most powerful ocean currents.
Marine life
The Atlantic Ocean is home to a diverse range of marine life, from microscopic plankton to massive whales. The ocean's various marine ecosystems are influenced by its environmental conditions, such as temperature, salinity, and nutrient availability. The Atlantic Ocean is also known for its significant role in the global carbon cycle, acting as a large reservoir for carbon dioxide.
Human interaction
The Atlantic Ocean has played a crucial role in the history and development of human civilization. It has been a major route for exploration and trade, and its resources have been exploited for economic gain. However, human activities have also led to environmental issues such as overfishing, pollution, and climate change, which have significant impacts on the ocean's health and biodiversity.