Arlberg
Geography
The Arlberg is a mountain range or massif between Vorarlberg and Tyrol in Austria. The highest peak in the Arlberg region, the "Valluga", stands at 2,811 meters (9,222 ft). The name "Arlberg" originates from the tradition of the "Arlenburg," who are said to have once established themselves on the Tyrolean side of the Arlberg passes (1,793 m above sea level). A few kilometers west of St. Anton, the pass road runs through the Arlberg Tunnel (14 km long, opened in 1978) on the S16 Arlberg expressway.
History
The Arlberg region has a rich history that dates back to the 14th century. It was a key trade route from the Middle Ages until the 19th century. The Arlberg pass was particularly important as it was the most direct route between the Austrian Tyrol and the Vorarlberg. The pass was often used by traders and merchants to transport goods such as salt, wine, and cloth. In the 19th century, the construction of the Arlberg railway made the pass less important for trade, but it opened up the region for tourism.
Tourism
The Arlberg region is renowned for its winter sports. The region is home to the famous ski resorts of Lech, Zürs, St. Anton, and St. Christoph. These resorts are known for their extensive ski slopes and modern lift systems. The Arlberg region is often referred to as the "cradle of alpine skiing" for its role in pioneering the sport. The region is also popular in the summer months for hiking, mountain biking, and climbing.
Transport
The Arlberg is accessible by various modes of transport. The most common way to reach the region is by car via the Arlberg pass or through the Arlberg tunnel. The region is also served by the Arlberg railway, which connects the towns of Bludenz and Landeck. The closest airports to the Arlberg are in Innsbruck and Friedrichshafen.
Flora and Fauna
The Arlberg region is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. The lower slopes of the mountains are covered in forests of spruce and larch, while the higher altitudes are home to alpine meadows with a variety of wildflowers. The region is also home to a variety of wildlife, including chamois, marmots, and golden eagles.