ARPANET
Overview
The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an early packet-switching network and the first network to implement the protocol suite Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Both technologies became the technical foundation of the Internet. The ARPANET was initially funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense.
History
The ARPANET project led to the development of protocols for internetworking, in which multiple separate networks could be joined into a network of networks. ARPANET development began with two network nodes which were interconnected between the Network Measurement Center at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science directed by Leonard Kleinrock, and the NLS system at SRI International (SRI) by Douglas Engelbart in Menlo Park, California, on 29 October 1969.
Design and Implementation
The ARPANET was designed to survive network losses, since the principal reason was that the switching nodes and network links were unreliable, even without any nuclear attacks. The most important techniques used were resource allocation (for example, load balancing and fault tolerance), and routing (for example, shortest path routing and dynamic routing).
Legacy
The ARPANET project significantly influenced subsequent developments in computing and networking, including the development of several critical technologies and standards that form the foundation of the modern Internet.
See Also
