View source for UV-C

== Introduction ==

UV-C, or Ultraviolet-C radiation, is a type of [[Ultraviolet|ultraviolet]] light that falls within the range of 100-280 nanometers (nm) on the electromagnetic spectrum. This type of radiation is known for its germicidal properties, and is often used in sterilization and disinfection processes.

[[Image:Detail-72553.jpg|thumb|center|A UV-C light bulb emitting a soft blue light.|class=only_on_mobile]]
[[Image:Detail-72554.jpg|thumb|center|A UV-C light bulb emitting a soft blue light.|class=only_on_desktop]]

== Properties and Characteristics ==

UV-C radiation is characterized by its high-energy and short-wavelength light. Unlike UV-A and UV-B, which are longer-wavelength ultraviolet light that can reach the Earth's surface, most UV-C radiation is absorbed by the Earth's [[Ozone Layer|ozone layer]], and does not naturally reach the surface. This makes UV-C radiation less familiar to the general public, but it is widely used in industrial and scientific applications due to its powerful germicidal properties.

== Germicidal Properties ==

The germicidal properties of UV-C radiation are attributed to its ability to damage the DNA and RNA of microorganisms, rendering them unable to reproduce and effectively killing them. This process is known as [[Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation|ultraviolet germicidal irradiation]] (UVGI). UV-C radiation is particularly effective against bacteria, viruses, molds, and other pathogens, making it a valuable tool in sterilization and disinfection processes.

== Applications ==

=== Water Purification ===

UV-C radiation is commonly used in [[Water Purification|water purification]] systems. The radiation effectively kills or inactivates harmful microorganisms, making the water safe to drink without the use of chemicals. This method of purification is used in both large-scale water treatment facilities and smaller, personal water purification devices.

=== Air Sterilization ===

Air sterilization is another common application of UV-C radiation. In this context, the radiation is used to kill or inactivate airborne pathogens, improving indoor air quality. This is particularly useful in settings such as hospitals, where maintaining a sterile environment is crucial.

=== Surface Disinfection ===

UV-C radiation can also be used to disinfect surfaces. This is often done using portable UV-C lamps, which can be moved around to disinfect various surfaces in a room. This method of disinfection is commonly used in healthcare settings, but can also be used in homes, offices, and other environments.

== Safety and Risks ==

While UV-C radiation is highly effective at killing microorganisms, it can also be harmful to humans and animals. Exposure to UV-C radiation can cause skin burns and eye injuries, and prolonged exposure can lead to skin cancer and cataracts. Therefore, it is important to use UV-C radiation devices safely and responsibly, and to avoid direct exposure to the radiation.

== Future Research and Developments ==

Research is ongoing into new and improved applications of UV-C radiation. One area of interest is the development of UV-C LED lights, which could offer a more energy-efficient and long-lasting alternative to traditional UV-C lamps. Another area of research is the use of UV-C radiation in the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which are a growing concern in healthcare settings.

== See Also ==

* [[Ultraviolet]]
* [[Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation]]
* [[Water Purification]]
* [[Ozone Layer]]

[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Microbiology]]
[[Category:Health and Safety]]