George Washington
Early Life
George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the eldest of six children born to Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. His father was a prosperous planter who also held a variety of political offices in the colony. His mother, a strong and ambitious woman, played a significant role in Washington's early education.
Education
Washington's formal education was limited and interrupted by his father's death when he was just 11 years old. Despite this, he was able to acquire a firm grounding in the basic subjects of reading, writing, and arithmetic. His further education was largely self-taught, guided by a strong desire for knowledge and a practical understanding of the world around him. He developed a particular interest in surveying, a skill that would serve him well in his later career.
Military Career
Washington's military career began in 1752 when he was appointed as a district adjutant in the Virginia militia. His first major assignment came in 1753, when he was sent on a diplomatic mission to the French forces in the Ohio River Valley. This mission, and the subsequent military actions, marked the beginning of the French and Indian War.
In 1755, Washington was appointed as an aide-de-camp to British General Edward Braddock. During the disastrous Battle of Monongahela, Washington distinguished himself through his bravery and leadership. Following Braddock's death, Washington was appointed commander of all Virginia troops, a position he held until 1758.
Political Career
After his military service, Washington returned to Virginia and was elected to the House of Burgesses, the colony's legislative body. He served in this capacity from 1759 to 1774, during which time he became increasingly involved in the growing resistance to British rule.
In 1774, Washington was selected as a delegate to the First Continental Congress, and the following year he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. His leadership during the American Revolutionary War was instrumental in securing the colonies' independence from Britain.
Presidency
In 1789, Washington was unanimously elected as the first President of the United States. His presidency, which lasted for two terms, was marked by the establishment of many of the customs and procedures that define the office today. His Farewell Address, in which he warned against the dangers of political factions and foreign alliances, has been widely regarded as a foundational document in American political philosophy.
Later Life and Legacy
After his presidency, Washington retired to his plantation at Mount Vernon, where he died on December 14, 1799. His legacy as a military leader, statesman, and founding father of the United States continues to be celebrated today.