Aulos

Introduction

The Aulos is an ancient Greek musical instrument, similar to a double-piped oboe or a flute. It was a key instrument in various aspects of Greek life, from religious rituals to athletic games and theatrical performances. The aulos was often accompanied by the lyre and the kithara, and was also played solo.

History

The aulos has been a part of Greek culture since the Mycenaean period (1600-1100 BC). It was often depicted in art and literature, and was a common feature in religious ceremonies, funerals, and athletic games. The aulos was also used in the music of the theatre, and was often associated with the god Dionysus.

Construction and Design

The aulos was typically made from reed, bone, ivory, or metal. It consisted of two pipes, each with a double reed at the top. The pipes were often of equal length, but could also be of different lengths. The player would blow into the reeds, producing a sound similar to that of a modern oboe. The pipes were often held together by a leather strap, known as a phorbeia, which was worn around the player's head.

Playing Technique

The aulos was played by blowing into the double reeds and using the fingers to cover and uncover the holes on the pipes. This allowed the player to produce different pitches. The aulos was capable of producing a wide range of sounds, from soft and melodic to loud and piercing. It was often played in a continuous, flowing manner, similar to the modern technique of circular breathing.

Role in Greek Society

The aulos was a key instrument in various aspects of Greek life. It was often played during religious rituals and ceremonies, and was a common feature at funerals. The aulos was also played during athletic games, where it was used to set the rhythm for the athletes. In the theatre, the aulos was used to accompany the chorus and to provide musical interludes.

Legacy

The aulos had a significant impact on the development of Western music. It was one of the first wind instruments to be used in a musical context, and its use in the theatre influenced the development of dramatic music. The aulos also influenced the design of later wind instruments, such as the oboe and the bassoon.