Pavilions

Introduction

A pavilion is a type of building or structure, often associated with parks, gardens, and large public areas. Pavilions can be temporary or permanent and are typically designed to provide shade, shelter, ornamental features, or a place to rest and enjoy the surroundings. They can be found in a variety of architectural styles, from traditional to modern, and are used for a range of purposes, including entertainment, exhibitions, and sports.

History

The concept of the pavilion has its roots in ancient cultures. The term 'pavilion' comes from the Latin word 'papilio', which means 'butterfly' or 'tent', and the Old French 'pavillon', meaning 'large tent'. In the Middle Ages, pavilions were often used as temporary structures for hunting or warfare, providing shelter and a place to rest.

In the East, particularly in China and India, pavilions have a long history and are an integral part of traditional architecture. They were often used in gardens and parks as places for contemplation, relaxation, and enjoyment of nature. Chinese pavilions, known as 'ting', are typically open on all sides to allow for a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape. Indian pavilions, known as 'chhatris', are often part of larger architectural complexes and serve as ornamental features.

In the West, the use of pavilions became popular during the Renaissance, when they were often used as garden structures in the estates of the nobility. During the 19th century, the use of pavilions expanded to include public parks and exhibition spaces, such as the famous Crystal Palace built for the Great Exhibition in London in 1851.

Design and Architecture

Pavilions can be designed in a variety of architectural styles, from traditional to modern. They are typically open structures, often without walls, although some may have partial walls or screens. The roof is an important feature of a pavilion, providing shade and shelter. It can be flat, domed, or pitched, and may be adorned with decorative elements.

The design of a pavilion often reflects its intended use. For example, a pavilion used for entertainment or exhibitions may be larger and more ornate, while a pavilion in a park or garden may be smaller and designed to blend in with the natural surroundings.

Modern pavilions often push the boundaries of design and materials. For example, the Serpentine Pavilion, an annual architectural project in London, invites architects to design a temporary pavilion that explores new ideas and techniques.

Uses

Pavilions are used for a variety of purposes. In parks and gardens, they provide a place to rest, enjoy the surroundings, and take shelter from the sun or rain. They can also serve as a focal point or landmark.

In sports, pavilions are often used as clubhouses or stands. They may include facilities such as changing rooms, toilets, and refreshment areas.

Pavilions are also used for entertainment and exhibitions. They can be found at fairs, festivals, and expositions, where they may house displays, performances, or dining areas.

In architecture, a pavilion can refer to a part of a building that projects from the main structure. This can be for aesthetic reasons, or to provide additional space or a specific function.

Notable Pavilions

There are many notable pavilions around the world. The Crystal Palace in London, built for the Great Exhibition in 1851, was one of the largest and most famous pavilions of the 19th century. It was made entirely of iron and glass, and housed a vast array of exhibits from around the world.

The Barcelona Pavilion, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, is a masterpiece of modern architecture. Its simple, elegant design and innovative use of materials have made it an iconic example of the International Style.

The Serpentine Pavilion in London is an annual architectural project that has featured designs by some of the world's leading architects, including Zaha Hadid, Frank Gehry, and Jean Nouvel. Each year, a new temporary pavilion is built in the grounds of the Serpentine Gallery, providing a platform for architectural experimentation and exploration.

See Also

• Gazebo
• Pergola
• Bandstand

A beautiful pavilion in a lush green park. The pavilion is made of wood and has a traditional design with a pitched roof. It is surrounded by trees and flowers, and there are benches inside for people to sit and enjoy the view.