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Created page with "== Introduction == Vertebrates are a diverse and complex group of animals that are characterized by the presence of a backbone or spinal column, which is part of an internal skeleton (endoskeleton). This group includes some of the most familiar animals, such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates are part of the subphylum Vertebrata, within the phylum Chordata, and they exhibit a wide range of adaptations that allow them to inhabit various enviro..."
